Alfredo Augusto de Carvalho Aires Integrated Member

BIO

Publications

Anti-biofilm properties of Portuguese honeys against multi-drug resistant microorganisms: A promising strategy for chronic wounds healing
Bezerra A., Alves M.J., Saavedra M.J., Russo-Almeida P., Aires A., Fonseca H., Rodrigues F., Delerue-Matos C., Garcia J., Gouvinhas I., (2024) Anti-biofilm properties of Portuguese honeys against multi-drug resistant microorganisms: A promising strategy for chronic wounds healing Food Bioscience 61 (104796). ISSN: 22124306. doi: 10.1016/j.fbio.2024.104796.

Anticancer Activity of Encapsulated Pearl Millet Polyphenol-Rich Extract against Proliferating and Non-Proliferating Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro
Hajri L., Lewińska A., Rzeszutek I., Oklejewicz B., Wojnarowska-Nowak R., Krogul-Sobczak A., Szpyrka E., Aires A., Ghodbane S., Ammari M., Wnuk M., (2024) Anticancer Activity of Encapsulated Pearl Millet Polyphenol-Rich Extract against Proliferating and Non-Proliferating Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro Cancers 16 (1750). ISSN: 20726694. doi: 10.3390/cancers16091750.

Characterization of Azorean Plant Leaves for Sustainable Valorization and Future Advanced Applications in the Food, Cosmetic, and Pharmaceutical Industries
Barros J.G.L., Fernandes R., Abraão A., Costa R.D., Aires A., Gouvinhas I., Granato D., Barros A.N., (2024) Characterization of Azorean Plant Leaves for Sustainable Valorization and Future Advanced Applications in the Food, Cosmetic, and Pharmaceutical Industries Antioxidants 13 (325). ISSN: 20763921. doi: 10.3390/antiox13030325.

Ecklonia maxima and Glycine–Betaine-Based Biostimulants Improve Blueberry Yield and Quality
Lopes T., Silva A.P., Ribeiro C., Carvalho R., Aires A., Vicente A.A., Gonçalves B., (2024) Ecklonia maxima and Glycine–Betaine-Based Biostimulants Improve Blueberry Yield and Quality Horticulturae 10 (920). ISSN: 23117524. doi: 10.3390/horticulturae10090920.

Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cosmeceutical Potential of Four Common Edible Mushrooms
Machado-Carvalho L., Martins T., Aires A., Saavedra M.J., Marques G., (2023) Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cosmeceutical Potential of Four Common Edible Mushrooms Applied Sciences (Switzerland) 13 (7357). ISSN: 20763417. doi: 10.3390/app13137357.

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cosmeceutical Potential of Wild Mushroom Extracts
Martins T., Machado-Carvalho L., Aires A., Saavedra M.J., Marques G., (2023) Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cosmeceutical Potential of Wild Mushroom Extracts Applied Microbiology 3 :562-579. ISSN: 26738007. doi: 10.3390/applmicrobiol3020040.

Composition of Nuts and Their Potential Health Benefits—An Overview
Gonçalves B., Pinto T., Aires A., Morais M.C., Bacelar E., Anjos R., Ferreira-Cardoso J., Oliveira I., Vilela A., Cosme F., (2023) Composition of Nuts and Their Potential Health Benefits—An Overview Foods 12 (942). ISSN: 23048158. doi: 10.3390/foods12050942.

Optimization of Phenolic Compounds Extraction and Antioxidant Activity from Inonotus hispidus Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technology
Machado-Carvalho L., Martins T., Aires A., Marques G., (2023) Optimization of Phenolic Compounds Extraction and Antioxidant Activity from Inonotus hispidus Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technology Metabolites 13 (524). ISSN: 22181989. doi: 10.3390/metabo13040524.

Phenolic compounds classification and their distribution in winemaking by-products
Silva A., Silva V., Igrejas G., Aires A., Falco V., Valentão P., Poeta P., (2023) Phenolic compounds classification and their distribution in winemaking by-products European Food Research and Technology 249 :207-239. ISSN: 14382385. doi: 10.1007/s00217-022-04163-z.

Screening of Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities in Pomegranate, Quince, and Persimmon Leaf, Peel, and Seed: Valorization of Autumn Fruits By-Products for a One Health Perspective
Silva V., Silva A., Ribeiro J., Aires A., Carvalho R., Amaral J.S., Barros L., Igrejas G., Poeta P., (2023) Screening of Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities in Pomegranate, Quince, and Persimmon Leaf, Peel, and Seed: Valorization of Autumn Fruits By-Products for a One Health Perspective Antibiotics 12 (1086). ISSN: 20796382. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12071086.

Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Antioxidant Properties of Boletus edulis and Neoboletus luridiformis Against Multidrug-Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens
Garcia J., Rodrigues F., Castro F., Aires A., Marques G., Saavedra M.J., (2022) Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Antioxidant Properties of Boletus edulis and Neoboletus luridiformis Against Multidrug-Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens Frontiers in Nutrition 8 (773346). ISSN: 2296861X. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.773346.

Biochemical Changes in Vitis vinifera Buds between Dormancy and Forced Bursting: A Case Study of Three Portuguese White Varieties
Monteiro A.I., Aires A., Malheiro A.C., Bacelar E.A., (2022) Biochemical Changes in Vitis vinifera Buds between Dormancy and Forced Bursting: A Case Study of Three Portuguese White Varieties Agronomy 12 (382). ISSN: 20734395. doi: 10.3390/agronomy12020382.

Contribution of Home Gardens to Sustainable Development: Perspectives from A Supported Opinion Essay
Santos M., Moreira H., Cabral J.A., Gabriel R., Teixeira A., Bastos R., Aires A., (2022) Contribution of Home Gardens to Sustainable Development: Perspectives from A Supported Opinion Essay International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19 (13715). ISSN: 16604601. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013715.

Effects of Foliar and Soil Boron Fertilization on Yield, Leaf Physiological Traits and Fruit Attributes in Rainfed Almond Orchards
Silva A.P., Aires A., Barreales D., Rodrigues M.A., Ribeiro A.C., Gonçalves B., Morais M.C., (2022) Effects of Foliar and Soil Boron Fertilization on Yield, Leaf Physiological Traits and Fruit Attributes in Rainfed Almond Orchards Agronomy 12 (2005). ISSN: 20734395. doi: 10.3390/agronomy12092005.

Platanus hybrida’s Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Ribeiro J., Silva V., Aires A., Carvalho R., Barros L., Gaivão I., Igrejas G., Poeta P., (2022) Platanus hybrida’s Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Horticulturae 8 (243). ISSN: 23117524. doi: 10.3390/horticulturae8030243.

Polyphenols applications in pharmaceutic and cosmetic industries
Aires A., (2022) Polyphenols applications in pharmaceutic and cosmetic industries Technologies to Recover Polyphenols from AgroFood By-products and Wastes :337-357. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-85273-9.00009-0.

Red Fruits Composition and Their Health Benefits—A Review
Cosme F., Pinto T., Aires A., Morais M.C., Bacelar E., Anjos R., Ferreira-Cardoso J., Oliveira I., Vilela A., Gonçalves B., (2022) Red Fruits Composition and Their Health Benefits—A Review Foods 11 (644). ISSN: 23048158. doi: 10.3390/foods11050644.

Bioactive (Poly)phenols, volatile compounds from vegetables, medicinal and aromatic plants
Pinto T., Aires A., Cosme F., Bacelar E., Morais M.C., Oliveira I., Ferreira-Cardoso J., Anjos R., Vilela A., Gonçalves B., (2021) Bioactive (Poly)phenols, volatile compounds from vegetables, medicinal and aromatic plants Foods 10 (106). ISSN: 23048158. doi: 10.3390/foods10010106.

Corylus avellana L. Husks an Underutilized Waste but a Valuable Source of Polyphenols
Cabo S., Aires A., Carvalho R., Pascual-Seva N., Silva A.P., Gonçalves B., (2021) Corylus avellana L. Husks an Underutilized Waste but a Valuable Source of Polyphenols Waste and Biomass Valorization 12 :3629-3644. ISSN: 1877265X. doi: 10.1007/s12649-020-01246-4.

Kaolin, Ascophyllum nodosum and salicylic acid mitigate effects of summer stress improving hazelnut quality
Cabo S., Aires A., Carvalho R., Vilela A., Pascual-Seva N., Silva A.P., Gonçalves B., (2021) Kaolin, Ascophyllum nodosum and salicylic acid mitigate effects of summer stress improving hazelnut quality Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 101 :459-475. ISSN: 10970010. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10655.

Synthesis and Biological Properties of Coumarin Derivatives. A Review
Bouhaoui A., Eddahmi M., Dib M., Khouili M., Aires A., Catto M., Bouissane L., (2021) Synthesis and Biological Properties of Coumarin Derivatives. A Review ChemistrySelect 6 :5848-5870. ISSN: 23656549. doi: 10.1002/slct.202101346.

Valorization of winemaking by-products as a novel source of antibacterial properties: New strategies to fight antibiotic resistance
Silva A., Silva V., Igrejas G., Gaivão I., Aires A., Klibi N., Dapkevicius M.d.L.E., Valentão P., Falco V., Poeta P., (2021) Valorization of winemaking by-products as a novel source of antibacterial properties: New strategies to fight antibiotic resistance Molecules 26 (2331). ISSN: 14203049. doi: 10.3390/molecules26082331.

Climate conditions and spray treatments induce shifts in health promoting compounds in cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruits
Correia S., Aires A., Queirós F., Carvalho R., Schouten R., Silva A.P., Gonçalves B., (2020) Climate conditions and spray treatments induce shifts in health promoting compounds in cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruits Scientia Horticulturae 263 (109147). doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.109147.

Combined Soil and Foliar Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Rainfed Almond Tree Performance
Morais M.C., Aires A., Barreales D., Rodrigues M.Â., Ribeiro A.C., Gonçalves B., Silva A.P., (2020) Combined Soil and Foliar Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Rainfed Almond Tree Performance Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 20 :2552-2565. ISSN: 07189516. doi: 10.1007/s42729-020-00321-y.

Effect of silicon fertilization on the tolerance of Castanea sativa Mill. seedlings against Cryphonectria parasitica Barr.
Carneiro-Carvalho A., Pinto T., Ferreira H., Martins L., Pereira C., Gomes-Laranjo J., Anjos R., (2020) Effect of silicon fertilization on the tolerance of Castanea sativa Mill. seedlings against Cryphonectria parasitica Barr. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 127 :197-210. ISSN: 18613837. doi: 10.1007/s41348-019-00283-z.

Hairy root transformation of Brassica rapa with bacterial halogenase genes and regeneration to adult plants to modify production of indolic compounds
Neumann M., Prahl S., Caputi L., Hill L., Kular B., Walter A., Patallo E.P., Milbredt D., Aires A., Schöpe M., O'Connor S., van Pée K.H., Ludwig-Müller J., (2020) Hairy root transformation of Brassica rapa with bacterial halogenase genes and regeneration to adult plants to modify production of indolic compounds Phytochemistry 175 (112371). doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112371.

Kaolin and seaweed-based extracts can be used as middle and long-term strategy to mitigate negative effects of climate change in physiological performance of hazelnut tree
Cabo S., Morais M.C., Aires A., Carvalho R., Pascual-Seva N., Silva A.P., Gonçalves B., (2020) Kaolin and seaweed-based extracts can be used as middle and long-term strategy to mitigate negative effects of climate change in physiological performance of hazelnut tree Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 206 :28-42. ISSN: 1439037X. doi: 10.1111/jac.12369.

Kiwi fruit residues from industry processing: study for a maximum phenolic recovery yield
Aires A., Carvalho R., (2020) Kiwi fruit residues from industry processing: study for a maximum phenolic recovery yield Journal of Food Science and Technology 57 :4265-4276. ISSN: 09758402. doi: 10.1007/s13197-020-04466-7.

Phenolic profile and bioactive potential of stems and seed kernels of sweet cherry fruit
Afonso S., Oliveira I.V., Meyer A.S., Aires A., Saavedra M.J., Gonçalves B., (2020) Phenolic profile and bioactive potential of stems and seed kernels of sweet cherry fruit Antioxidants 9 (1295) :1-17. ISSN: 20763921. doi: 10.3390/antiox9121295.

Phenolics and antioxidant activity of green and red sweet peppers from organic and conventional agriculture: A comparative study
Guilherme R., Aires A., Rodrigues N., Peres A.M., Pereira J.A., (2020) Phenolics and antioxidant activity of green and red sweet peppers from organic and conventional agriculture: A comparative study Agriculture (Switzerland) 10 (652) :1-13. ISSN: 20770472. doi: 10.3390/agriculture10120652.

Physiological and biochemical performance of almond trees under deficit irrigation
Prgomet I., Pascual-Seva N., Morais M.C., Aires A., Barreales D., Castro Ribeiro A., Silva A.P., I.R.N.A. Barros A., Gonçalves B., (2020) Physiological and biochemical performance of almond trees under deficit irrigation Scientia Horticulturae 261 (108990). doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108990.

Quality preservation of sweet cherry cv. 'staccato' by using glycine-betaine or Ascophyllum nodosum
Gonçalves B., Morais M.C., Sequeira A., Ribeiro C., Guedes F., Silva A.P., Aires A., (2020) Quality preservation of sweet cherry cv. 'staccato' by using glycine-betaine or Ascophyllum nodosum Food Chemistry 322 (126713). ISSN: 18737072. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126713.

The role of silicon fertilization in the synthesis of phenolic compounds on chestnut plants infected with P. cinnamomi and C. parasitica
Carneiro-Carvalho A., Aires A., Anjos R., Martins L., Pinto T., Peixoto F., Gomes-Laranjo J., (2020) The role of silicon fertilization in the synthesis of phenolic compounds on chestnut plants infected with P. cinnamomi and C. parasitica Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 127 :211-227. ISSN: 18613837. doi: 10.1007/s41348-019-00292-y.

Ecophysiological study of the impact of sik® fertilization on castanea sativa mill. Seedling tolerance to high temperature
Carneiro-Carvalho A., Anjos R., Aires A., Marques T., Pinto T., Gomes-Laranjo J., (2019) Ecophysiological study of the impact of sik® fertilization on castanea sativa mill. Seedling tolerance to high temperature Photosynthetica 57 :1165-1175. ISSN: 15739058. doi: 10.32615/ps.2019.099.

Effects of calcium and growth regulators on sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) quality and sensory attributes at harvest
Correia S., Queirós F., Ribeiro C., Vilela A., Aires A., Barros A.I., Schouten R., Silva A.P., Gonçalves B., (2019) Effects of calcium and growth regulators on sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) quality and sensory attributes at harvest Scientia Horticulturae 248 :231-240. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.01.024.

Enzymatic Activity and Biochemical Composition in Leaves of Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Saxa) Grown in Almond Shell Substrates
Oliveira I., Meyer A.S., Aires A., Afonso S., Gonçalves B., (2019) Enzymatic Activity and Biochemical Composition in Leaves of Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Saxa) Grown in Almond Shell Substrates Waste and Biomass Valorization 10 :1223-1229. ISSN: 1877265X. doi: 10.1007/s12649-017-0141-5.

Induced production of indol-3-ylmethyl glucosinolates in hairy roots of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. Pekinensis): Perspectives to enhance the content of bioactive compounds
Aires A., Neumann M., Ludwig-Müller J., Schöpe M., Van Pée K.H., (2019) Induced production of indol-3-ylmethyl glucosinolates in hairy roots of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. Pekinensis): Perspectives to enhance the content of bioactive compounds Acta Horticulturae 1242 :49-56. ISSN: 24066168. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1242.7.

Irrigation deficit turns almond by-products into a valuable source of antimicrobial (poly)phenols
Prgomet I., Gonçalves B., Domínguez-Perles R., Santos R., Saavedra M.J., Aires A., Pascual-Seva N., Barros A., (2019) Irrigation deficit turns almond by-products into a valuable source of antimicrobial (poly)phenols Industrial Crops and Products 132 :186-196. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.024.

Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars
Oliveira I., Meyer A.S., Afonso S., Aires A., Goufo P., Trindade H., Gonçalves B., (2019) Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars Journal of Food Biochemistry 43 (e12887). ISSN: 17454514. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.12887.

Polyphenols for skin cancer: Chemical properties, structure-related mechanisms of action and new delivery systems
Souto E., Sampaio A., Campos J., Martins-Gomes C., Aires A., Silva A., (2019) Polyphenols for skin cancer: Chemical properties, structure-related mechanisms of action and new delivery systems Studies in Natural Products Chemistry 63 :21-42. ISBN: 9780128179017. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-817901-7.00002-2.

Chemical profile and antioxidant potential of four table grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars grown in Douro region.
Mota A.; Pinto J.; Fartouce I.; Correia M.J.; Costa R.; Carvalho R.; Aires, A.; Oliveira A. A. (2018) Chemical profile and antioxidant potential of four table grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars grown in Douro region. Ciência Tec. Vitiv 33 (2) :125-135. doi: 10.1051/ctv/20183302125. (Impact factor, Quartile: 0.55, Q4).

Analysis of glycosylated flavonoids extracted from sweet-cherry stems, as antibacterial agents against pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates.
Aires, A, Dias, C, Carvalho, R, Saavedra, MJ (2017) Analysis of glycosylated flavonoids extracted from sweet-cherry stems, as antibacterial agents against pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates. Acta Biochimica Polonica 64 :265-271. ISSN: 0001-527X. doi: 10.18388/abp.2016_1374. (Impact factor, Quartile: 1.105, Q4).

Rapid Separation of Indole Glucosinolates in Roots of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa Subsp Pekinensis) by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection.
Aires, A, Carvalho, R (2017) Rapid Separation of Indole Glucosinolates in Roots of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa Subsp Pekinensis) by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection. International Journal Of Analytical Chemistry 2017 :Article ID 5125329. ISSN: 1687-8760. doi: 10.1155/2017/5125329. (Impact factor, Quartile: 0.901, Q4).

Reuse potential of vegetable wastes (broccoli, green bean and tomato) for the recovery of antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids.
Aires, A, Carvalho, R, Saavedra, MJ (2017) Reuse potential of vegetable wastes (broccoli, green bean and tomato) for the recovery of antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids. International Journal Of Food Science And Technology 52 :98-107. ISSN: 0950-5423. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.13256. (Impact factor, Quartile: 1.64, Q2).

Variation of chemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and endogenous plant hormones throughout different ripening stages of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars produced in centre of Portugal.
Aires, A, Carvalho, R, Matos, M, Carnide, V, Silva, AP, Goncalves, B (2017) Variation of chemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and endogenous plant hormones throughout different ripening stages of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars produced in centre of Portugal. Journal Of Food Biochemistry 41 :e12414. ISSN: 0145-8884. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.12414. (Impact factor, Quartile: 1, Q3).

Projects

WASTELESS - Waste Quantification Solutions to Limit Environmental Stress
Running

Coordinator  /  Ana Barros
Start date  /  2023/01 Funding  /  European Commission - Horizon Europe Reference  /  Grant Agreement n.º 101084222


SoilRec4+Health - Soil recover for a healthy food and quality of life (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000083)
Concluded

Coordinator  /  Ana Barros
Start date  /  2021/04 Funding  /  NORTE2020 - PROJETOS ESTRUTURADOS DE I&D&I Reference  /  NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000083


INTERACT - Integrative Research in Environment, Agro-Chains and Technology
Concluded

Coordinator  /  Rui Cortes
Start date  /  2016/05 Funding  /  NORTE2020 Reference  /  NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000017


SHARE OF KNOWLEDGE FOR AGRI-FOOD BY-PRODUCTS VALORISATION THROUGH INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TOWARD LIVESTOCK FEED AND HEALTH
Concluded

Start date  /  2015/01 Funding  /  COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Reference  /  oc-2014-1-17818


Application of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) stems for livestock feed: Evaluation of nutritional, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity in vivo
Concluded

Start date  /  2015/01 Funding  /  H2020 Reference  /  SEP-210160493


Production of new bioactive compounds by plants and bacteria using new and improved halogenases
Concluded

Coordinator  /  Karl-Heinz van Pée UTAD/CITAB Coordinator  /  Alfredo Aires
Start date  /  2014/05 Funding  /  0,0 Reference  /  NBCPBH


INNOFOOD - INNOVation in the FOOD sector through the valorization of food and agro-food by-products
Concluded

Coordinator  /  Ana Barros
Start date  /  2014/01 Reference  /  NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-0000029


Deficit irrigation on olive , in the region of "Terra Quente Transmonta" , to optimization water resources, productivity and olive oil quality
Concluded

UTAD/CITAB Coordinator  /  Anabela Silva
Start date  /  2012/01 Funding  /  ProDer - Cooperação para a Inovação Reference  /  IrrigOlive


PromoAgro - Promoção da Competitividade Agro-alimentar
Concluded

Coordinator  /  Eduardo Rosa
Start date  /  2010/10 Funding  /  CCDRN - ON.2 Reference  /  NORTE - 07 - 0162 - FEDER - 000042


Brassica collections for Broadening Agricultural Use" including ‘Characterizing and utilising genetic variation in Brassica carinata for its exploitation as an oilseed crop
Concluded

UTAD/CITAB Coordinator  /  Eduardo Rosa
Start date  /  2001/01 Funding  /  European Comission (EC/EU) Reference  /  BRASCO RESGEN CT99 109/112


"Quality of organic fruits and vegetables. Post-harvest microbiological evaluation and effect of glucosinolates on pathogenic bacteria"
Concluded

Coordinator  /  Eduardo Rosa
Funding  /  Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) Reference  /  POCI/V.5/A045/2005 (Medida V.5.1)


Glucosinolatos em Brássicas. Compreender o efeito dos glucosinolatos e seus derivados em bactérias do tracto intestinal, patogénicas e fitopatogénicas",
Concluded

Coordinator  /  Eduardo Rosa
Funding  /  Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) Reference  /  POCI/AGR/56573/2004